Can it be? Sure; should it be though?
The biggest danger in adding more options is causing analysis paralysis in close voters. Without any custom OT reasons defined, there are already 9 different options for closing a question here (including "other" and the two migration options). The first custom option replaces the default, putting the current set of options at 11, divided unevenly into three separate lists. The Off Topic sub-list already holds 5 separate options - as many as the top-level list of close reasons - that's a lot of choices, and for them to be effectively used they should be clearly differentiated from one another and obvious as to their purpose - adding more options increases the likelihood of stress on the part of the close-voter, and thus the need for clarity.
What happens if the reasons aren't sufficiently clear and distinct? Well, it's possible that some folks will just give up and not vote. It's also likely that folks familiar with the system will skip trying to pick a single "best" reason and just go with whatever fits. This then leads to another problem: folks learning by example, where the example includes questions closed with an inapplicable (at least superficially) close reason. It's not hard to find examples of this among the old close reasons: both Not a Real Question and Too Localized started out very narrow in scope, but by the end were used for all sorts of questions where they were only tangentially applicable.
##The examples
So let's look at the problems identified in your examples:
- Easily Google-able. This is almost never a good reason to shut down a question, but even if it is in this case you'd be setting a bad precedent by ensconcing such a reason in the system. Today it's a rhetorical question from someone looking for backup in a political situation; tomorrow it's a good question that's simply been answered on a different website first. Is this a site that can provide answers that are better than the greater internet, or just a site that answers questions no one else wants to bother with?
Existing close reasons that fit: Primarily Opinion-based, Too Broad.
Suggestions for correction: state one specific problem or question, drop squishy bits ("Am I wrong to feel this way?")
- No details on what research has been done. "Show your work" is almost always a good suggestion, but... In this case the question would still be too broad - and almost certainly off-topic as well! Of course, there's also the chance that the interview question isn't the real question here at all, but rather the meta-question of "how much detail should I try to provide for questions like this?" That question at least makes sense, and might even be on-topic here. But it's unclear whether that's actually what he wanted, and the answers go both ways. Maybe he just wanted folks to commiserate a bit after making it through a tough interview? Closing it with "insufficient research" ignores all of these critical flaws.
Existing close reasons that fit: Unclear, Too Broad, Off Topic (belongs on Super User) and possibly even Primarily Opinion Based.
Suggestions for correction: Remember that this is a site for high-level software development questions, and then state the specific problem you're trying to solve.
- Needs more specific details. As with #2, "show your work" wouldn't be amiss here, but ignores the primary problem with the question: it isn't at all clear what's being asked. Realistically, no canned close reason can be as effective here as a simple comment asking, "what context did you find this term in?" - and it's possible that no answer can be as effective as just asking the person who wrote the template, regardless of how much research effort is shown.
Existing close reasons that fit: Unclear, OT->Other ("give us some context")
Suggestions for correction: Please provide context!
- Not sure where the problem lies. Turns out, this exact question was asked by the author on Stack Overflow, where it was closed with Stack Overflow's "no-effort homework" OT reason (upon which your suggestion is based) minutes before he posted it here. Showing his work isn't gonna fly here, since the actual question being asked (gimme teh codez) is off-topic. Realistically, any effort spent trying to categorize or rehabilitate questions like this is a waste of time; at best, you may end up answering a question no-one asked, while at worst you end up letting trash questions set a bad precedent for others. If you were going to create a custom OT reason for this, "crap SO doesn't want" would be it.
Existing close reasons that fit: OT->Other ("would belong on SO, if it were better"), Unclear
Suggestions for correction: Fix your question on SO; if they don't want it, neither do we.
##More examples
The best way to determine if a new OT reason is needed is probably to just look at what folks are entering when they select "Other". I wish I had a better way of grouping these, but until I figure something out here's a list of every custom off-topic reason selected at least twice since this feature became available: http://jsbin.com/ajipiKI/1
...Use whatever methodology you see as appropriate to analyze these.
