Yes, there are up votes for short/pithy answers, and one-liners / one-link answers. And yes, this does improve that person's reputation. However, most of the people with really high reputations (1000s and up) have provided numerous, well-thought-out answers. In the long haul, I don't think the one-line posters are going to get into the very high reputation ranks. So I don't think this is really a problem. Quality wins out in the long run.
As far as the display order of the answers, this too usually sorts itself out in time (pun intended). While the witty/popular answer may get a lot of upvotes when the question is first posted, over time, when people see a "good", lengthy answer lower-down, they upvote it. It gradually floats toward the top. That's the beauty of this entire community model -- it actually gets better with age.
Having two voting controls, one for "popularity" and the other for "sorting" would be very confusing. Do I upvote this answer on the left because I "like" it, but downvote it on the right because I don't think it should be displayed first?